Class and Object in python programming | Hands on Coding

Object

Object is having states and behaviors in which state means what does it has and behavior means what does it do. for example a pen has
States: ink, nib, needle, cap etc
Behaviors: Writing.

• Object is an instance of a class.
• Object comprises both data members and methods.
• Object is created from a class.

Class

1.It is a collection of data members and member functions.
2.Data members are the variable used inside class.
3.Member functions are the function used inside class.
4.It is also called Userdefined data type.
5.class keyword is used to create class.

Syntax of class

   Create class

#creating class
class Student:
    #defining class variables
    name="Rocky"
    roll=205

• Here Student is class and name and roll are variables.

Create object of class

• We can create object of class by using class name.
• There is no need of new keyword like java in Python to create object.
• Syntax:
  

  obj_name=class_name()
  

•  For Example:
  

  s1=Student()
  

  
  Here s1 is object of class Student.

Accessing variable of class

• We can access the variables of class by using dot(.) operator with object.
• We can also access function of a class by using dot(.) operator.
• Example:

#creating class
class Student:
    #defining class variables
    name="Rocky"
    roll=205

#creating object
s1=Student()
#Accessing class variable
print("Name:",s1.name)
print("Rollno:",s1.roll)
"""
***Output***
Name: Rocky
Rollno: 205
"""

class with variable and function

#creating class
class Student:
    #defining class variables
    name="Rocky"
    roll=205
    marks=85.6
    #defining function
    def showInfo(self):
        print("Name:", self.name)
        print("Rollno:",self.roll)
        print("Marks:",self.marks)

#creating object
s1=Student()
#Calling function of class
s1.showInfo()

"""
***Output***
Name: Rocky
Rollno: 205
Marks: 85.6
"""

• Here to access a class variables inside function self keyword is used because self refers to the current class object.

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