Operator and Types of Operator in C programming

 

Operator

It is a special symbol which is used to perform logical or mathematical operation on data or variable.

Operand

It is a data or variable on which the operation is to be performed.

Types of Operator

⇒Arithmetic Operators
⇒Relational Operators
⇒Logical Operators
⇒Assignment Operators
⇒Bitwise Operators
⇒Increment/Decrement Operators
⇒Conditional Operators
⇒Special Operator

Arithmetic Operators

Symbol	Operation	Example
+	Addition	x+y
-	Subtraction	x-y
*	Multiplication	x*y
/	Division	x/y
%	Modulus	x%y

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x=16,y=3;//For operation
int add,sub,multi,div,mod;//To store the result
add=x+y;
sub=x-y;
multi=x*y
div=x/y;
mod=x%y;
printf("Addition=%d\n",add);
printf("Subtraction=%d\n",sub);
printf("Multiplication=%d\n",multi);
printf("Division=%d\n",div);
printf("Modulus=%d\n",mod);
}

### Output ###
Addition=19
Subtraction=13
Multiplication=48
Division=5
Modulus=1 //because % stores remainder 

Relational Operators

Symbol	Operation	Example
==	Equal to	2==3 returns 0
!=	Not equal to	2!=3 returns 1
>	Greater than	2>3 returns 0
<	Less than	2<3 returns 1
>=	Greater than or equal to	2>=3 returns 0
<=	Less than or equal to	2<=3 returns 1

Logical Operators

 

(x>y)&&(x>z)	Here this expression returns true if both conditions are true.
(x>y)||(x>z)	Here this expression returns true if any one or both conditions are true.
!(x>y)	Not operator reverses the state means if the condition is true it returns false and if the condition is false it returns true.

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int a=10,b=50,c=30;
if(a>b&&a>c)
printf("a is greatest");
if(b>a&&b>c)
printf("b is greatest&quot);
if(c>a&&c>b)
printf("c is greatest");
}
/*
### Output ###
b is greatest
*/ 

Assignment Operators

Symbol	Example	Same as
=	x=y	x=y
+=	x+=y	x=x+y
-=	x-=y	x=x-y
*=	x*=y	x=x*y
/=	x/=y	x=x/y
%=	x%=y	x=x%y

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x1=5,y1=3;
x1+=y1;   //x1=x1+y1
printf("x1=%d\n",x1);

int x2=5,y2=3;
x2-=y2;   //x2=x2-y2
printf("x2=%d\n",x2);

int x3=5,y3=3;
x3*=y3;   //x3=x3*y3
printf("x3=%d\n",x3);

int x4=5,y4=3;
x4/=y4;   //x4=x4/y4
printf("x4=%d\n",x4);

int x5=5,y5=3;
x5%=y5;   //x5=x5%y5
printf("x5=%d\n",x5);
}

### Output ###
x1=8
x2=2
x3=15
x4=1
x5=2 

Bitwise Operators

Symbol	Operation	Example
&	Bitwise AND	x&y
|	Bitwise OR	x|y
<<	Shift Left	x<<2
>>	Shift Right	x>>2

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
	int a=5,b=3,c;//variable declaration
	c=a&b;        // AND operation
	printf("a&b=%d\n",c);
	c=a|b;        // OR operation
	printf("a|b=%d\n",c);
	c=a>>2;        // shift right operation
	printf("a>>2=%d\n",c);
	c=a<<2;        // shift left operation
	printf("a<<2=%d\n",c);
}
/*
### output ###
a&b=1
a|b=7
a>>2=1
a<<2=20
*/

Increment/Decrement Operators

Symbol	Name	Function	Example
++	Increment	It increments the value by 1	++x
--	Decrement	It decrements the value by 1	--x

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
int x=3,y=2;
printf("%d\n",++x);
printf("%d",--y);
}
### Output ###
4
1 

Conditional Operators

 

#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
5<2?printf("Hello"):printf("Hi");
}
### Output ###
Hi//because condition is false 

Special Operators

Symbol	Description	Example
&	It is used find address of a variable	int a=10; printf("%d",&a);
*	It is used to declare pointer type variable.	int *p;
sizeof()	It returns the memory size of variable.	int a=10; printf("%d",sizeof(a));

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